◇ The Passive Voice
被動語態
We'll talk about sentences in passive voice. The structure is simple: be + past participle. The passive voice is used to emphasize the people or the things that are acted upon by some other performer of the verb, rather than emphasizing the performer as we do in the active voice. Take a look at the example sentence, "When we are given a task that requires problem-solving, economic or emotional pressure can cause focus to shift to the motivator, ultimately dividing your attention and reducing performance." Here, "are given" is formed by "be" and "given", the past participle form of the verb "give".
被動語態構成的句子： 主詞(V) + Be動詞 + 過去分詞。要注意被動語態中，是用來表示對「承受」某動作的人或物的關注，而不是關注「執行」某動作的人或物。例如例句：When we are given a task that requires problem-solving, economic or emotional pressure can cause focus to shift to the motivator, ultimately dividing our attention and reducing performance. 由 Be動詞 加上 give的過去分詞「given」所形成被動語態。
Example：
1. These photos were taken by Jonathan.
這些相片是 Jonathan 拍的。
2. You're not allowed to leave the country by law.
因為法規你被限制出境。
3. The road is being repaired.
道路正在維修中。